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Negli ultimi anni si è avviato nel mondo un processo di trasformazione delle modalità energy production, in particular for producing electricity. In fact some of the most important renewable energy sources, primarily hydroelectric, wind and solar photovoltaics are used to produce only electricity.
forecast of 'authoritative International Energy Outlook 2010 (U.S. Energy Information Administration) loss for the period 2007-2035, a significant increase in the share due to renewable sources of world energy consumption in the basket. The latter, however, is expected to grow from about 145,000 TWh in 2007 to an expected 187,000 TWh in 2035. It 'true, however, that this increase is attributed almost entirely to countries that do not belong to the ' OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) while the OECD countries, including Italy, will remain stationary total energy consumption.
In the specific case of Italy, we saw earlier this year as energy consumption have actually fallen in recent years and the trend seems to be confirmed in this mainly because of economic crisis.
If the total consumption of OECD countries are stationary and investment in renewable energy, however, increase is obvious that in the coming years there will be a significant growth in the percentage of energy from renewable sources and this will both in the production of electricity, even, heat (biomass, geothermal, solar thermal).
Anyway, it's good to know that today on a global scale (OECD and non-OECD countries put together) renewable sources contribute about 19% of total primary energy production, but within this level are the traditional biomass to do the lion's share (with 13%). The traditional biomass are, however, consist largely of wood fires for cooking, so often inefficient, in most poor areas of the world. Removed the traditional biomass (possibly obtained by logging wild), to renewable sources is not that a meager 6% of world total energy production. Which is equivalent to the percentage of energy produced from nuclear plants.
The bulk of the world's electricity continues to come from coal (about 40%) and gas (20%) while the bulk of primary energy consumption is still based on oil (40%). Despite all efforts to promote renewable energies.
Of course I believe that these efforts have been fair and devano continue. But with vision and more cunning than that fielded so far. And 'certainly nice to know that there has been a boom in solar photovoltaic plants in Italy in recent times (using the final race of super incentives for, apply to plants built entro fine 2010) ma troverei molto più interessante sapere che i consumi energetici nazionali (e mondiali) calano in virtù di un maggior grado di efficienza nel sistema produttivo e negli stili di vita quotidiani. Ben venga il solare fotovoltaico magari con impianti di dimensioni medio-piccole e ben posizionati. Ancor prima del fotovoltaico avrebbe dovuto diffondersi il solare termico. Ben vengano gli impianti eolici se costruiti da società oneste e realizzati laddove c'è vento sufficiente. Ma la soluzione delle questioni energetiche sta nel risparmio energetico. Questo è il punto chiave, il resto è quasi aria fritta. In particolare, un'economia prospera ed avanzata ha una bassa intensità energetica mentre un'economia arretrata consuma molta energia per produrre poca ricchezza.
In diverse occasioni ho dato cifre eloquenti relative alle potenzialità del risparmio energetico .
Ora esce sulla rivista Environmental Science&Technology uno studio di tre ricercatori del Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge che quantifica la straordinaria riduzione nella domanda di energia che si potrebbe ottenere mediante misure di risparmio nei trasporti, nell'industria e nelle costruzioni. Questi settori sono sistemi passivi che possono immagazzinare l'energia, garantendo un certo livello di prestazioni, in modo più o meno efficiente. Intervenire sui sistemi passivi is much more important and profitable than increasing the capacity of power generation.
A summary of the content is on New Scientist .
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